I know you’ve been on the edge of your seat hoping for Part 2 of The Quest for the Ideal Carry Revolver. Unfortunately, thanks to nasty winter weather and the past week’s wild ammo market, I haven’t been to the range much lately. So until I get more trigger time with the revolvers I’m trying out, enjoy my best attempt at deciphering Smith & Wesson’s revolver catalog.

We got some good feedback on our reference guide to 1st-3rd Gen S&W Semi-Autos, so for our Wheel Gun Wednesday series I thought I’d put together a similar chart for all of the S&W revolvers. And that’s exactly what I would have done except Smith & Wesson’s revolver model numbers have all been assigned by a mad genius. Sometimes there appears to be a logical numbering system at work, but it’s applied inconsistently, and varies from one product line to the next.

Model 1880 Double Action.32 S&W, or.38 S&W cal; 5- or 6- shot. Solid frame revolver with removable cylinder and fixed ejecting rod under barrel, hard rubber grip panels with Floral design, nickel finish, marked on top of barrel with company name and address only, 3 + 1 ⁄ 4 in. Barrel, modified American Double Action mechanism and frame.

1. May 24, 2019 The serial number puts the gun as having been made sometime around 1907, so to have a gun that is 112 years operate so well is even more astounding. The Smith & Wesson Safety Hammerless was.
2. Serial number is in the 16,000 range with matching #'s on the barrel, cylinder, and frame. Early production with patent dates only going up to 1885 instead of 1890. Basically, a re-design of the.38 DA, the hammerless design eliminated the possibility of a 'snag' when being withdrawn from the owner's pocket.
3. Hi mill3nia.What I believe your Grandfather had there is a '.32 Safety Hammerless'. Some refer to it as.32 Lemon Squeezer or a.32 New Departure.

So instead of one big comprehensive chart for every Smith & Wesson revolver ever made, I’m offering this smaller bite-sized chunk: every post-1957 .38 Special and .357 Magnum revolver from S&W that officially entered full-scale production.

Why 1957? That’s the year when S&W switched over to assigning model numbers to each revolver rather than identifying them only by unique names (e.g., “Registered Magnum” or “Combat Masterpiece”). The nicknames still remained in many cases, but they could refer to a family or series of revolvers with similar characteristics.

In the charts below, I’ve grouped the models by frame size and then by series. Where possible, I’ve listed the defining features of each series. For each model, there’s information about its caliber, frame material, sights, finish, and ammo capacity. Here’s a handy key for how to read the chart:

Series Name: Some of these names were used in the actual S&W catalog but others are just nicknames. S&W stopped using some of these names, even when production of the model continued. For example, the “Military & Police” designation was dropped from the K-frame revolvers years ago (and recycled for their polymer semi-autos and AR rifles), but I’ve kept the designation in the chart for all revolvers that fit the original M&P criteria.

Series Features: Each series is identified by some unique features that don’t typically apply to other models of that frame size.

Caliber: For this post, all models are .38 Special or .357 Magnum. Most S&W .38 Special revolvers can handle +P ammo, but the +P designation doesn’t appear on the barrel of some older models so it’s always best to contact S&W customer service and verify that it’s safe.

Frame Material: S&W has used a variety of metals to construct their revolvers over the years but the frames all have been either steel or a lightweight aluminum alloy. Some variants of the alloy guns contain Scandium for an even lighter overall weight. The absolute lightest S&W revolver have also included a Titanium cylinder. I’ve noted the use of Sc or Ti on the chart when the only available version of a given model use those alloys. Other alloy frame guns listed on the charts may have Sc frame or Ti cylinder variants that exist in addition to the standard aluminum or steel versions.

Model Number: The model number assigned to the product without any prefixes or suffixes (with the exception of the “Plus” model L-frames).

Sights: Sights can be fixed or adjustable. The fixed sights are generally a ramp style front sight with a gutter in the top strap to form the rear sight. S&W has used a variety of adjustable rear sights over the years, but most have a removable blade insert. Front sights on models with the adjustable rear can be the traditional ramp style machined into the barrel, but newer front sights are pinned, and can be removed and replaced with aftermarket front sights.

Finish: For the sake of simplicity, I’ve only used the labels “black” or “stainless” on the chart. Black can refer to a matte black finish or a glossy blue finish. Older models with a blue finish were often also available with a shiny nickel plated finish. Stainless can refer to the polished or matte stainless steel revolvers, or alloy revolvers with a silver matte finish that mimics the stainless steel look.

Ammo Capacity: All J-frame .38 Special and .357 magnum revolvers have a five-round capacity. K-frames all have six. L-frames can hold six or seven shots depending on the model. Older N-frame designs have a six-round capacity but the newer ones hold eight.

Other Info: I’ve tried to keep the chart as complete as possible while still being readable. That said, there is still information you won’t be able to find here. The most significant omission is barrel length. Almost every model has been offered in multiple barrel lengths at some point but availability varies. The more common barrel lengths are listed in the summary for each frame size.

Sw Safety Hammerless Serial Numbers Us

I also haven’t listed the variants available for each model. If a model number contains a suffix like “PD” or “Lady Smith”, it might mean that it has features that distinguish it from other models in the same series. Here’s an incomplete list of the more common variants and some other suffixes you might see on model numbers:

• PD: “Personal Defense”. Usually indicates Scandium alloy frame.
• Sc: Indicates frame with Scandium Alloy.
• Ti: Titanium Cylinder. Usually accompanied by Scandium alloy frame.
• Lady Smith: Name given to a number of variants in different calibers and frame sizes. Usually accompanied by special grips and engraving.
• Airweight: Indicates an Aluminum alloy frame.
• Airlite: Indicates a Scandium alloy frame.
• Night Guard (NG): Series introduced in 2008 with models in various calibers and frame sizes. All have a 2.5-inch barrel, alloy frame, steel cylinder, Tritium front sight, and a removable Cylinder and Slide brand fixed rear sight.

J-Frame

The J-frame S&W revolver has become so ubiquitous that the term is often used as a generic reference to almost any small frame snub nosed revolver. The most common barrel length for a J-frame is 1 ⅞” but 3-inch models are also plentiful along with some other less common sizes.

J-Frame model numbers are determined by frame material, hammer/action type, and finish. Unlike K and L frame revolvers, S&W doesn’t use a separate model number for J-frames with adjustable versus fixed sights.

A few J-frame models started out as being offered in only .38 special, but in the mid-1990s, were beefed up to handle .357 magnum. I’ve included each of these multi-caliber models as two separate entries in the chart.

The three major J-frame model series are as follows:

• Chief’s special: Standard hammer. Most have fixed sights but a few have been offered with adjustable sights.
• Bodyguard: The original S&W Bodyguard. They include a hammer shroud with a small protrusion that allows the user to cock the hammer for single action shots.
• Centennial: This is the name generally given to all “hammerless” S&W revolvers. They aren’t literally hammerless, but the hammer is completely internal, which means these revolvers can only be fired in double action.

K-Frame

The classic S&W K-frame is one of Smith & Wesson’s most enduring designs. Picture a typical 20th century policeman’s “service revolver” and it probably looks a lot like a K-frame with a 4-inch barrel. These mid-size revolvers have also been offered with long 6-inch barrels for target models, and 3-inch, 2.5-inch, and 2-inch snub nose versions for concealment.

Model numbers are based on finish, caliber, and whether the gun has fixed or adjustable sights.

There have been three major series of .38 Special and .357 magnum K-frames along with a couple of unique models:

• Military & Police: The original K-frame. They have fixed sights and no underlug or shroud around the ejector rod. The .357 magnum versions were added to the catalog along with the Combat Magnum series.
• Combat Masterpiece: Essentially identical to the M&P line, but with the addition of adjustable sights. The model 68 — a special run for the California Highway Patrol — also includes a shrouded ejector rod.
• Combat Magnum: These are the .357 versions of the Combat Masterpiece. The Combat Magnums have a shrouded ejector rod as standard.
• Target Masterpiece: Target guns with adjustable sites and typically offered with a 6-inch barrel, but also available with 4-inch and 8 ⅜-inch barrels. The later models added a full underlug to the barrel.
• Alloy K-frames: The only non-steel K-frame revolvers have been the 12 and 315. The Model 12 was offered for many years as a lightweight version of the model 10, but was discontinued in 1986. The 315 was offered for a very short time in 2008 as a part of the Night Guard series with a 2.5-inch barrel and upgraded sights. By some estimates, fewer than 1000 were ever produced.

L-Frame

The medium-large L-frame .357 models came along in the early 1980s as a bridge between the hefty N-frames and the smaller K-frames. Common barrel lengths are similar to the K-frames, with the 4-inch models being the most common and 6-inch, 3-inch, and 2.5-inch versions also available.

Also similar to the K-frame revolvers, the L-frame model numbers are determined by sights, finish, and frame material.

S&W has used the L-frame for a lot of its more innovative and experimental models. The 586 and 686 “plus” models were among the first 7-shot medium-frame revolvers on the market, and several lightweight alloy L-frames have been produced at various times.

• Distinguished Combat Magnum: These are the flagship models of the L-frame line. They feature a full barrel underlug, steel frame, and adjustable sights.
• Distinguished Service Magnum: Nearly identical to the Combat Magnum, only with fixed sights.
• 619 & 620: These two were introduced as a replacement for the K-frame .357 models that S&W discontinued in the early 2000s. They are very similar to the 681/686, but have a slimmer barrel profile with a shrouded ejector rod rather than a full underlug.
• 520: Not to be confused with the short-lived N-frame model 520. This was essentially an alloy framed version of the 620.
• 386: The model with no name. There have been several versions of the 386, each with its own name and features. The common attributes are an alloy frame with a black finish and adjustable sights. With the exception of the 386 PD, all have had a 7-shot cylinder.
• 242: The only “Centennial” hammerless Smith & Wesson that’s not a J-frame. Designed for concealed carry, it’s also the only L-frame chambered in .38 Special rather than .357 Magnum.

Sw Safety Hammerless Serial Numbers List

N-Frame

The S&W Model 27 N-Frame was the original platform for the .357 Magnum cartridge. The design proved to be durable, but it’s considered large and heavy for a 6-shooter by today’s standards. With modern metals, S&W has managed to cram eight rounds into the newer N-frame .357s.

Available barrel lengths for N-frame revolvers have varied widely over the years, and include 3 1/2-inch, 4-inch, 5-inch, 6-inch, and 8 3/8-inch models, among others.

• The Original Magnums: The Model 27 was the original .357 and was initially called the “Registered Magnum”. It has a deep blue finish, shrouded ejector, and adjustable sights. The budget model 28 “Highway Patrolman” has all the same features, but with a few minor changes, such as a slightly less polished finish.
• 8-Shot Magnums: Neither the alloy 327 or the steel 627 have had an official name. Both of these 8-shot N-frames have been offered with various features and barrel lengths.
• Military & Police: In 1980, the New York State Police ordered a model 27 with fixed sights. The ordered was never delivered, and a few thousand of these ended up in the general market. In 2005, S&W recycled the model number 520 for an alloy L-frame .357.

Work in Progress

I am by no means an expert on Smith & Wesson revolvers. Most of this information is just stuff I’ve picked up from window shopping for Smith & Wesson revolvers over the years. I’ve tried to verify and flesh out the info using other sources like the Standard Catalog of Smith & Wesson, but there are probably some omissions and errors in there somewhere. If you spot one, be sure to let me know. I’ll be checking on this post periodically and will update it with corrections and additions when I have the chance.

All hard-core Johnny Dollar listeners know that the Bob Bailey era Johnny carried a 'lemon squeezer'. But just what is a 'lemon squeezer'? While reading through my co-worker's October, 2010 issue of 'The Blue Press', I spotted an article with what to me was a familiar picture - a Smith & Wesson hammerless revolver - commonly called a 'lemon squeezer'. I contacted the author and the publisher and have obtained their permission to include their article here.

CLASSIC HANDGUNS: The S&W Safety Hammerless Revolvers

By John Marshall

During the 1880s, Smith & Wesson co-founder Daniel Baird Wesson was seeking to design and produce a revolver for self defense that would be entirely safe to handle until properly gripped and fired by a long, heavy double-action pull on the trigger. He was particularly motivated by reports of children firing guns accidentally. Such a revolver would have no external hammer, and could not therefore be fired with a light single-action pull. D.B. Wesson began work on the project with his son Joe, and the result was the first in a long line of double-action-only self-defense revolvers. These would be extremely difficult for a child to fire. Such guns would have an additional advantage for law enforcement officers, who could draw their revolver from underneath clothing without a hammer catching on a pocket or coat and impeding the draw. This concept lives on in some modern S&W revolvers. Nelson grade 8 math textbook online. Today these early revolvers, named by the factory 'Safey Hammerless' or 'New Departure' are classic collector items.

D.B. Wesson assigned the development of the new revolver to his son Joe, and this was one of Joe's first drafting projects. Joseph H. Wesson had learned a lot from his father, and had inherited much of his forebear's mechanical aptitude. His first model design was completed on May 1, 1884. In addition to it being a double-action-only revolver it incorporated a grip safety in the backstrap of the firearm. Gripping the revolver tightly deactivated an internal hammer block, and allowed the gun to be fired. This first design did have a flaw. It featured a heavy striker bar. Unfortunately, if the gun was dropped on its muzzle the forward inertia of the striker bar could allow it to strike the primer, sometimes firing the gun accidentally. Joe Wesson went back to the drawing board and came up with a second concept in January 1886 that eliminated this problem. This design utilized a much smaller spring-loaded inertia-type firing pin that could only ignite a primer if it was struck a strong blow by the internal hammer. Being spring-loaded, it automatically retracted after being struck, and did not continue to touch the primer even while the hammer was at rest against the pin. John Browning later utilized this nearly identical system for his enduring Model 1911 .45 pistol design.

Initial plans were to produce the new revolver in calibers .32 S&W, .38 S&W, and .44 S&W Russian, and early advertisements stated these intentions. However after producing a prototype, it was decided to make them only in the two lesser calibers. The first guns manufactured were known as .38 Safety Hammerless models, and eight nickeled revolvers were produced in July 1886. Twenty more nickeled revolvers were made in August of that year, and these guns were held in inventory until February 1887, when production and distribution began in earnest. Over the life of the .38 Safety Hammerless models, five distinct model variations were generated, differing primarily in the barrel locking systems. All, of course, were of 'top break' design where the cartridges or empties were ejected automatically when the barrel and cylinder were released and swung down. During its production life, this arm was made with either a blue or nickel finish, and was offered in a wide range of barrel lengths from 2' to 6'. Production ceased on the .38 model in 1940, with a final serial number of 261,493.

S&W tooled up and began producing the.32 Safety Hammerless models in February, 1888 when 16 nickeled revolvers were made. The improvements made to the latching mechanism on the .38 models were incorporated on the .32, the first ones being essentially reduced-size versions of the .38 Third Model. Three different model variations were made in the .32 revolver over its production life. These changes involved improvements to the barrel catch, the front sight, and the cylinder base pin attachment. Pigeon finds a hot dog game. Almost all were equipped with black rubber stocks, although as with the .38s, stocks of other material, were available from the factory on special order. At first, the .32s were offered only with 3 and 3.5' barrel lengths. In 1898, the 'bicycle gun' variation with a 2' barrel came out and was popular with cyclists wishing protection against canines wishing to do battle with their velocipedes. These 2' guns are scarce and collector values are quite high today.

The revolver illustrated for this article is a .32 Safety Hammerless Third Model, nickel finish, with the more common 3' barrel. It left the factory in November 1921, and carries a serial number in the early 223,000 range. In nearly perfect shape, it appears unfired and is accompanied by a correct factory box. Because of its condition, I suspect that it resided in someone's dresser drawer for many years after being purchased. A factory authenticating letter shows it was initially shipped to a large popular hardware store of that era. The final or Third Model was made from 1909 until 1937, with an ending serial number of 242,981.

Interestingly, although the factory always referred to these revolvers as the 'Safety Hammerless' models, the factory cardboard box labels were imprinted with the words 'New Departure.' This was apparently because Smith & Wesson wanted to differentiate these 'hammerless' revolvers as being a departure from the norm of double/single-action guns. In spite of these two different factory nomenclatures, today these revolvers are popularly and affectionately known as 'Lemmon Squeezers' because of their grip safety and the genre's similar action to a once-common kitchen utensil of the same name.

Smith & Wesson's top-break revolvers, introduced way back in 1870, lasted well into the 20th Century and were imitated by other manufacturers worldwide. The .38 Safety Hammerless was the final mark of that S&W breed, but its influence continues on to the present day. In 1952, S&W introduced its Centennial Model revolver, so named because it commemorated the 100th year of the company's history. It was a .38 Special J-frame 2' barreled revolver with no external hammer. It had a grip safety almost identical to that used on the Safety Hammerless models. This was a swing-out cylinder type, of course, but the concept was very much in line with the immensely successful 'Lemon Squeezer' which was its ancestor. In fact, that nickname stuck with the newer gun, as well. The Centennial Airweight model with an aluminum frame was also introduced in 1952, with full-scale production beginning in August 1963. At first the Airweights had aluminum cylinders, but were replaced with steel cylinders quickly for safety reasons. The Centennials and the Centennial Airweights became the Models 40 and 42 in 1957, when model names were replaced by model numbers at the factory. Epiphone serial numbers. These two revolvers were dropped from the S& W lineup in 1974. Model 640 stainless steel Cenntenials, with no grip safety have been made since 1989 and the Model 642 Centennial Air weights (aluminum frame and stainless cylinder) since 1990. The blackened aluminum/stainless Model 442 Centennial Airweight came on stream in 1993.

S&W Model 40

S&W Model 42

Nickel-plated Model 40-1 Courtesy of, and © by John Marshall

In late 2007 an updated and strengthened all-carbon steel Model 40 was introduced as the Model 40-1, available in blue, nickel, and case-hardened finishes. These revolvers are complete with grip safeties and their heritage goes back to the original Safey Hammerless models of 1886! Unlike many other revolvers in the Smith & Wesson lineup, the new Model 40-1 has no politically correct internal key-lock on the left side of the frame.

The original Safety Hammerless revolvers introduced a genre that survives to the present day. Popular in their time, good-condition specimens are still quite desirable on the collector market, and excellent examples, particularly if accompanied an an original box and papers, are quite valuable. They are all classics!

So, based on the above information, when Johnny pulls out his 'lemon squeezer', picture him pulling out a Model 40 - probably a nickel-plated model very similar to the Model 40-1 shown above, because as was noted in 'The Deadly Swamp Matter,' his gun was a 'pretty one'.

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